Command and Shell User's Guide

Index

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Special Characters

! subcommand (ftp)

( ) (parentheses)
See parentheses

/etc/group file

/etc/passwd file
/etc/passwd file

/etc/password file

/usr/spool/uucppublic file (UUCP)

; (semicolon)
See semicolon

? (question mark)
See question mark

? subcommand (ftp)

.cshrc login script
.cshrc login script

.kshrc login script
.kshrc login script

.profile login script
.profile login script
.profile login script

{ } (braces)
See braces

~ (tilde)
See tilde

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

absolute pathname

absolute permissions
removing

accessing
help

account subcommand (ftp)

active processes

add (a) command (vi text editor)

ali command in MH

alias
listing in MH

aliases
aliases
        C shell
        C shell
        for mail
        Korn shell
        seeing current when in mail
        setting in C and Korn shells

ampersand (&) operator
background processes

anno command in MH

append subcommand (ed editor)

append text (A) command (vi text editor)

apropos command

arguments to commands

ascii subcommand (ftp)

Asian languages
codesets that support

ask variable in mail

askcc variable in mail

assign default values to shell

at (@) extension in locale name

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

B

background process
background process
displaying status for

background
putting process in

backslash
to continue a command on the next line

bg command (C shell)

binary numbers
in permissions

binary subcommand (ftp)

Bourne shell
Bourne shell
Bourne shell
        built-in commands
        built-in variables
        clearing variable values
        login script
        metacharacters
        pattern matching
        redirecting errors
        setting variables
        .logout script
        .profile login script
        .profile login script

braces
using to group commands

breaking remote cu connection (UUCP)

breaking remote tip connection (UUCP)

built-in
        commands
        commands
        commands
        variables
        variables
        variables

burst command in MH

bye subcommand (ftp)

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

C

C shell
C shell
C shell
        aliases
        aliases
        built-in commands
        built-in variables
        changing to another shell
        clearing variable values
        command history
        command history
        displaying value of variables
        filename completion
        filename completion
        metacharacters
        redirecting errors
        setting environment variables
        stop and start a process
        .cshrc login script
        .cshrc login script
        .login script
        .login script
        .logout script

can't remember command name

cancel print jobs

canceling commands

carbon copies in mail
getting a prompt for

case sensitivity

cd command
cd command
Bourne shell
Korn shell

cd subcommand (ftp)

cdup subcommand (ftp)

change (c) command (vi text editor)

change (c) subcommand (ed editor)

change word (cw) command (vi text editor)

changing
        directories
        directories
        directory permissions
        file permissions
        group
        identity
        name of file during copy command
        owners of files and directories
        shell permanently
        shell temporarily
        your password
        your shell

character mapping
multiple-to-one
one-to-two

characters
        list of pattern matching
        maximum number in filename
        quoting to make literal
        upper and lower case

chgrp command
chgrp command

chmod command
chmod command
chmod command
chmod command
chmod command

chown command
chown command

clearing variable values

close subcommand (telnet)

codesets
        ASCII
        eight-bit
        ISO
        part of locale
        support for Asian languages in

colon
        use in vi text editor
        use in vi text editor
        use in vi text editor

command argument
containing more than one word

command history
C shell
Korn shell

command mode (vi editor)

commands
        alias
        alias
        apropos
        bg
        bg
        can't remember command name
        cat
        cd
        cd
        cd
        cd
        chgrp
        chgrp
        chmod
        chmod
        chown
        connecting with pipes
        continuing on the next line
        cp
        cp
        date
        date
        df
        diff
        documentation for
        echo
        echo
        echo
        echo
        exit
        export
        export
        fc
        fg
        fg
        file
        find
        flags
        history
        history
        in mailx
        jobs
        jobs
        jobs
        jobs
        kill
        ln
        ln
        login
        logout
        lpq
        lpq
        lpr
        lpr
        lprm (remove from print queue)
        lpstat
        ls
        ls
        ls
        ls
        ls
        ls
        ls
        ls
        ls
        ls
        man
        man
        man
        mkdir
        mkdir
        more
        more
        more
        mv
        mv
        mv
        mv
        options
        page (pg)
        passwd
        passwd
        pg
        pr
        ps
        ps
        pwd
        pwd
        pwd
        redirecting output
        rehash
        repeat
        rm
        rm
        rm
        rm
        rm
        rmdir
        rmdir
        run from remote host (UUCP)
        running conditionally
        running in sequence
        running multiple
        set
        set
        set
        setenv
        setenv
        sort
        source
        stopping execution
        su
        time
        times
        times
        touch
        trap
        trap
        umask
        umask
        umask
        unalias
        unalias
        unset
        unset
        unset
        unset
        unsetenv
        unsetenv
        use of special characters in
        using
        w
        wc
        who
        whoami

communicating with remote host (UUCP)

comp command in MH

comparing files

comparison between shell features

completing filenames

concatenate files

conditional running of commands

connecting commands with pipes

connecting to an unknown remote host via modem (UUCP)

connecting to an unknown remote system via modem (UUCP)

context searching
ed editor
vi text editor

continuing a command on the next line

copying directories

copying
        changing file name during
        files (UUCP)
        files from one directory to another
        files to other directories
        files, local host control (UUCP)
        lines, ed editor

correcting mistakes
in commands
when logging in

correcting typing errors
ed editor
vi text editor

creating
        directories
        directories
        empty files
        logout script
        mail folders
        multiple names for same file
        symbolic links
        text files with vi
        text files
                ed editor
                vi editor

CRT screen
use by talk command

crt variable in mail

csh.login system login script

.cshrc login script
modifying to use MH program

ct command (UUCP)
options, connecting to remote host via modem

Ctrl/C
to abort a mail message

Ctrl/D
Ctrl/D
to end a mail message
to log out

cu command (UUCP)
        connect local to remote
        options, connecting to a remote host
        using local commands
        using local commands

current directory

current message

customizing mailx

customizing your mail environment
by customizing the mail program
by setting mail variables

customizing
login scripts

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

D

database security
group

dead.letter file

default user mask (umask)

default
        permission codes
        permission codes
        prompts for shells
        setting permissions with umask
        values to shells

defining
        custom shell variables
        login account
        user environment

delete (d) subcommand (ed editor)

delete character (x) command (vi text editor)

delete line (dd) command (vi text editor)

delete subcommand (ftp)

delete word (dw) command (vi text editor)
delete word (dw) command (vi text editor)

deleting
        a specific line
                ed editor
                vi text editor
        clearing a line (D) command
        current line
                ed editor
        directories
        files
        files
        multiple lines
                ed editor
                vi text editor
        one character at a time
        print jobs from queue

determining file type

device name, specifying with cu command (UUCP)

differences between file and directory permissions

differences between files

digests
exploding into messages in MH

directories
directories
        changing owner of
        changing permissions
        changing
        changing
        copying files from another directory
        copying
        creating
        definition of
        deleting
        displaying current
        displaying
        listing contents of
        managing
        parent
        path
        permissions
        removing current
        removing empty
        removing multiple
        renaming
        root
        search path
        tree structure

disk partitions

display log of UUCP utilities

display subcommand (telnet)

displaying
        active processes
        command status
        current directory name
        differences between files
        directories
        directory contents
        directory permissions
        disk partitions
        file permissions
        file type
        files with formatting
        files without formatting
        files
        inactive users
        inode number of file
        multiple files at once
        online reference pages
        pathnames for all files
        print queue status
        printer names
        process information
        process status
        user identity
        user name
        value of variables in C shell
        variable name
        variable values
        who is logged on
        who is on the system

dist command in MH

dot option for mail

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

E

echo command
        Bourne shell
        C shell
        Korn shell

ed editor
        append subcommand
        change (c) subcommand
        context searching
        copying lines
        correcting typing errors
        creating and saving text files
        delete (d) subcommand
        deleting a specific line
        deleting current line
        deleting multiple lines
        displaying the current line
        edit (e) subcommand
        edit (e) subcommand
        edit (ed) command
        edit buffer
        global (g) operator
        global (g) operator
        insert (i) subcommand
        locating text
        move (m) subcommand
        moving text
        print (p) subcommand
        quit (q) subcommand
        read (r) subcommand
        read (r) subcommand
        removing characters
        replacing character strings
        saving part of a file
        saving text
        saving text
        starting the editor
        substitute (s) subcommand
        substitutions on multiple lines
        transfer (t) subcommand
        using system commands
        write (w) subcommand
        write (w) subcommand

edit (e) subcommand (ed editor)
edit (e) subcommand (ed editor)

edit (ed) command (ed editor)

editing
        command lines in the Korn shell
        linked files
        mail messages

end of message/conversation (local communications)
end of message/conversation (local communications)

ending
a local message
a mail message

enhanced security system

environment variables
        corresponding to locale categories
        HOME
        LANG
        LC_ALL
        LC_COLLATE
        LC_CTYPE
        LC_MESSAGES
        LC_MONETARY
        LC_NUMERIC
        LC_TIME
        LOGNAME
        MAIL
        PATH
        SHELL
        TERM
        TZ

erasing files
prevention

errorbells environment variable

errors
redirecting output to a file

escape character
including in a mail message
tilde as in mail

escape commands in mail

escape key
use in vi

execute permission
execute permission

exit command
exit command

exiting from the mail program

export command
Bourne shell
Korn shell

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F

fc command (Korn shell)

fg command (C shell)

file descriptors

file system
file system

file type
determining

filename completion
filename completion
filename completion

filenames
characters restricted in

files
        changing identity to access
        changing permissions
        comparing differences between two
        copying (UUCP)
        copying
        creating empty
        definition of
        descriptors
        determining type
        displaying multiple
        displaying pathnames for all
        displaying with formatting
        displaying
        inode number
        introduction to
        linking
        mailing to other users
        maximum length
        moving
        naming conventions
        noclobber variable to prevent erasure
        printing
        protecting
        read permission
        reading input from
        receiving (UUCP)
        redirecting errors to
        redirecting output
        removing
        renaming
        restricted characters in filename
        restricting access
        saving mail messages in
        security considerations
        security
        sending (UUCP)
        setting absolute permissions
        sorting contents of
        specifying with pattern matching
        used for security control
        wildcard use

filtering standard input

folder command in mail
folder command in mail

folder command
in MH

folder variable for mail

folders command
in MH

folders in mail
folders in mail
        creating
        listing in MH
        listing in MH
        names of in MH program
        removing in MH
        seeing what your current folder is
        setting up to use
        used by MH program

foreground processes

foreground
putting process in

forget command name

formatting a file

forw command in MH

forwarding files (UUCP)

forwarding mail messages

ftp subcommands
ftp subcommands
ftp subcommands

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

G

get subcommand (ftp)

global (g) operator (ed editor)
global (g) operator (ed editor)

global substitution in vi text editor

grouping commands
with braces
with parentheses

guidelines
for setting password

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

H

help command in mail

help subcommand (ftp)

help
help
getting from the mail program

history command
C shell
Korn shell

history of recently used commands
history of recently used commands

HOME environment variable

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

I

ignorecase environment variable

illegal characters in filenames

inbox folder in MH program

inc command in MH
inc command in MH

including mail in MH
including mail in MH

inline editing in Korn Shell

inode number
and symbolic links
moving files

input mode (vi text editor)

insert (i) subcommand (ed editor)

insert text (I) command (vi text editor)

insert text (i) command (vi text editor)

intermediate hosts used in file transfers (UUCP)

internationalization
        LANG environment variable
        LANG environment variable
        LC_ALL environment variable
        LC_ALL environment variable
        LC_COLLATE environment variable
        LC_COLLATE environment variable
        LC_CTYPE environment variable
        LC_CTYPE environment variable
        LC_MESSAGES environment variable
        LC_MESSAGES environment variable
        LC_MONETARY environment variable
        LC_MONETARY environment variable
        LC_NUMERIC environment variable
        LC_NUMERIC environment variable
        LC_TIME environment variable
        LC_TIME environment variable
        pattern matching

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

J

jobs command
jobs command
jobs command
C shell
Korn shell

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

K

killing a job or process

Korn shell
Korn shell
Korn shell
        aliases
        aliases
        built-in commands
        built-in variables
        clearing variable values
        command history
        command history
        editing command lines
        filename completion
        filename completion
        inline editing
        login script
        login script
        metacharacters
        pattern matching
        redirecting errors
        setting variables
        .kshrc login script
        .kshrc login script
        .logout script
        .profile login script
        .profile login script

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

L

LANG environment variable
LANG environment variable

language
part of locale

lcd subcommand (ftp)

LC_ALL environment variable
LC_ALL environment variable
dangers of setting

LC_COLLATE environment variable
LC_COLLATE environment variable

LC_CTYPE environment variable
LC_CTYPE environment variable

LC_MESSAGES environment variable
LC_MESSAGES environment variable

LC_MONETARY environment variable
LC_MONETARY environment variable

LC_NUMERIC environment variable
LC_NUMERIC environment variable

LC_TIME environment variable
LC_TIME environment variable

length
maximum for files

linking files
linking files

links
        hard
        removing
        soft
        symbolic

list
of pattern matching characters

listing directory contents
listing directory contents
listing directory contents

listing mail messages

literal characters
        using backslash
        using double quotes
        using single quotes

ln command
ln command

local commands (UUCP)
local commands (UUCP)
local commands (UUCP)
local commands (UUCP)

local communication facility, messages
sending, write command

local host control of file access (UUCP)
uuto command

local host control of file access
See UUCP

local variables

locales
        categories of
        determining which locale is set
        effect on date and time format
        effect on messages
        effect on software
        effect on sort order
        environment variables used with
        introduction to
        name format for
        names of
                at (@) modifier in
        numeric and monetary format in
        setting
                preferred method for
                restrictions when
        yes/no response strings

locating command names

locating text
ed editor
vi text editor

logging in
See login

logging into another user account

logging out
script

login as root user

login directory

.login login script
modifying to use MH program

login script
        activating umask
        Bourne shell
        C shell
        C shell
        csh.login system script
        Korn shell
        Korn shell
        profile system script
        .cshrc script
        .cshrc script
        .kshrc script
        .kshrc script
        .login script
        .login script
        .profile script
        .profile script
        .profile script

login scripts
customizing

login
with enhanced security system

.login file
modifying for System V Habitat

LOGNAME environment variable

logout command (C shell)

lowercase characters

lpq (display print queue) command

lprm (remove from print queue) command

ls (list directory contents) command

ls (list directory) command
ls (list directory) command
ls (list directory) command
ls (list directory) command
ls (list directory) command
ls (list directory) command
ls (list directory) command
ls (list directory) command

ls command
output from -l option

ls subcommand (ftp)

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

M

MAIL environment variable

mail
        aliases
        aliases, listing in MH
        annotating messages in MH
        announcement of new messages on arrival
        checking for messages in MH
        composing messages in MH
        composing messages in MH
        compressing messages into a file in MH
        current message, defined
        customizing
        deleting messages in MH
        displaying messages in MH
        distributing messages in MH
        editing a message
        ending a message
        entering a subject for
        entering a subject for
        exiting from
        exploding digests in MH
        -f option to select a folder
        filing messages in MH
        folders
                creating
                setting up to use
        formatted listings of messages in MH
        forwarding messages in MH
        forwarding messages in
        handling with the MH message handling program
        getting help in
        including messages in MH
        including messages in MH
                asynchronously
        listing folders in MH
        listing folders in MH
        listing message headers
        listing message headers
        listing messages in MH
        mailing files in
        marking messages in MH
        messages moved to mbox file
        notification when messages are waiting for you
        preventing moving of messages to mbox file
        reading messages in MH
        reading messages in MH
        reading messages in MH
        reading messages in MH
        reading messages in
        reading messages in
                by number
        removing folders in MH
        removing messages in MH
        replying to messages in MH
        replying to messages in
        reporting recipients of messages in MH
        saving messages in files
        saving messages in folders
        seeing what your current folder is, with the folder command
        selecting messages by content in MH
        sending messages in MH
        sending messages in MH
                with a prompting front end
        sending messages to aliases
        sending messages
        sending messages
                by carbon copy
                by carbon copy
        setting or listing a folder in MH
        sorting messages in MH
        specifying length of screen for message display
        specifying location of folders for
        specifying location of record copies of outgoing mail
        specifying options interactively
        the MH program
        the MH program
        variables
        verbose mode, example of

mailing files
mailing files
from the shell

.mailrc file
modifying to customize mail

mailx command
to enter the mail environment

mailx
escape commands

man command
man command

managing directories

map command (vi text editor)

mark command in MH

maximum length for file names

mbox file
preventing moving of messages to

message
        annotating in MH
        checking for in MH
        composing in MH
        composing in MH
        compressing into files in MH
        deleting in MH
        displaying a list of in MH
        displaying in MH
        distributing in MH
        exploding digests into in MH
        filing in MH
        formatted listings of in MH
        forwarding in MH
        including in MH
        including in MH
                asynchronously
        listing in MH
        marking in MH
        reading in MH
        reading in MH
        reading in MH
        reading in MH
        removing in MH
        removing in MH
        replying to in MH
        reporting recipients of in MH
        selecting by content in MH
        sending in MH
        sending in MH
                with a prompting front end
        sorting in MH

messages (local communications)
        ending, end-of-file symbol (EOF)
        ending, end-of-file symbol (EOF)
        long, in files
        sending, write command

messages
See messages (local communications)

metacharacters
        Bourne shell
        C shell
        Korn shell

mget subcommand (ftp)

MH message handling program
MH message handling program
        annotating messages in
        checking for messages in
        commands used at the shell prompt
        composing messages in
        composing messages in
        compressing messages into a file in
        deleting messages in
        distributing messages in
        exploding digests in
        filing messages in
        finding if installed on your host
        forwarding messages in
        including messages in
                asynchronously
        listing aliases in
        listing folders in
        listing messages in
        listing messages in
        marking messages in
        modifying your path to use
        reading messages in
        reading messages in
        reading messages in
        reading messages in
        reading messages in
        removing folders in
        removing messages in
        removing messages in
        replying to messages in
        reporting recipients of messages in
        selecting a folder in
        selecting messages by content in
        sending messages in
        sending messages in
                with a prompting front end
        setting or listing a folder in
        sorting messages in
        tailoring features of
        uses folders

mhl command in MH

mhmail command in MH

mkdir command
mkdir command

mkdir subcommand (ftp)

monetary formats
representation of fractions

monitoring UUCP

more command
more command
used by mail to display messages
used by mail to display messages

more than one word in command argument

move (m) subcommand (ed editor)

moving directories

moving
        files
        files
        text
                ed editor
                vi text editor

mput subcommand (ftp)

msgcheck command in MH

multibyte characters
support for in codesets

multiple names for same file

mv command
mv command
mv command
mv command

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

N

next command in MH

noignore environment variable

nonumber environment variable

noshowmatch environment variable

number environment variable

numeric formats

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

O

octal numbers
in setting permissions

online documentation

open line (o) command (vi text editor)

open previous line (O) command (vi text editor)

open subcommand (ftp)

options to commands

options, mail
specifying interactively

owner
changing for files and directories

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

P

packf command in MH

page (pg) command

parameter subsitution

parent directory

parentheses
using to group commands

password
        file
        file
        for logging in
        forgotten
        restrictions
        security restrictions
        selecting new
        setting with enhanced security system
        setting

PATH environment variable
setting for System V habitat

path, modifying to use MH program

pathname conventions (UUCP)

pathname
pathname
        absolute
        dot notation
        full
        relative
        using tilde in

pattern matching
        changing file permissions with
        internationalized
        list of allowable characters
        removing multiple files

permission combinations for umask

permissions
        binary numbers
        changing
        combinations
        directory
        read
        setting absolute
        setting file and directory
        setting with octal numbers
        specifying with umask

pick command in MH

pipes and filters
running multiple commands

prev command in MH

prevent erasure of files

print (p) subcommand (ed editor)

print
working directory (pwd)

printer queues
printer queues

printer
specifying in print command

printing
        files
        on a specific printer
        on default printer
        options
        reference pages

Process Identification Number (PID)

process identifier

processes
        displaying active
        displaying status
        displaying status
        displaying who is running them
        grouping commands
        grouping commands
        killing
        resuming
        running through pipes
        stopping

.profile login script
modifying to use MH program

.profile file
modifying for System V Habitat

programs
types of

prompt
question mark as, in the mail program

prompter command in MH

prompts for shells

protecting files

ps command
ps command

public directory (UUCP)

put subcommand (ftp)

pwd command
Bourne shell
Korn shell

pwd subcommand (ftp)

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Q

question mark
as mail prompt

queues
printer

quit (q) command (vi editor)

quit (q) command (vi text editor)

quit (q) subcommand (ed editor)

quit subcommand (ftp)

quit subcommand (telnet)

quotes
double
single

quoting
        backslash
        double quotes
        single quotes
        to display variable names

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R

r (read) permission

R command in mail

r command in mail

rcvstore command in MH

read (r) subcommand (ed editor)
read (r) subcommand (ed editor)

read permission

reading input from pipes

reading mail messages
by number

reading messages in MH

receiving files (UUCP)

record variable for mail

recv subcommand (ftp)

redirecting both standard errors and output

redirecting errors
        Bourne shell
        C shell
        Korn shell

redirecting input/output

redirecting
        errors
        input
        output
        output
        output
        output, of background processes

reexecuting commands
reexecuting commands

reference pages

referencing variables
referencing variables

refile command in MH

rehash command (C shell)

relative pathname

remote commands, running in UUCP

remote file transfers (UUCP)

remote host
running commands from (UUCP)

remote login
remote login

remove directory command

removing files
with verification

removing
        absolute permissions
        characters
                ed editor
                vi text editor
        current directory
        directories
        directories
        directories
        file links
        files
        files
        jobs from print queue
        links

rename subcommand (ftp)

renaming directories

renaming
files and directories
files and directories

repeat command (C shell)

replacing character strings
ed editor
vi text editor

reply command in MH

replying to mail messages
caution when
including other recipients in your reply

reset environment variables

restart a process

Restricted Bourne shell

restricted Bourne shell

restricted characters in file names

restricting file access

restricting user environment
restricted Bourne shell

restrictions
password

resuming a process

returning to local host during remote connection (UUCP)
returning to local host during remote connection (UUCP)

rm command
rm command
rm command

rmdir command
rmdir command
rmdir command
rmdir command

rmdir subcommand (ftp)

rmf command in MH

rmm command in MH

root user
        becoming
        defining shell for
        tasks performed by

runique subcommand (ftp)

running commands on a remote host (UUCP)

running
        background processes
        background processes
        commands conditionally
        commands in sequence
        foreground processes
        shell procedures
        shell procedures

ruptime command

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S

s (set) permission

saving mail messages
in files
in folders

saving part of a file
ed editor
vi text editor

saving text
        ed editor
        ed editor
        ed editor
        vi text editor

saving
text files in vi

scan command in MH

security considerations

security
        enhanced system
        group
        restricted Bourne shell
        user

selecting a folder in mail

semicolon
running commands in sequence

send command in MH

send subcommand (ftp)

sending a long message

sending mail messages

sending
        files to remote hosts (UUCP)
        files via UUCP
        local messages
        mail messages

set command
        Bourne shell
        C shell
        Korn shell

set user/group ID permission

setenv command (C shell)

setting password
with enhanced security system

setting
        absolute permissions
        aliases in C and Korn shells
        default file permissions
        environment variables in all shells
        environment variables in C shell
        environment variables
        environment variables
        file and directory permissions
        file permissions
        PATH variable
        permissions using octal numbers
        user mask

SHELL environment variable

shell scripts
compatibility with System V
writing

shell variables
defining custom

shell
        aliases
        aliases
        assign default values to environment
        built-in commands
        built-in commands
        built-in commands
        built-in variables
        built-in variables
        built-in variables
        changing permanently
        changing temporarily
        changing
        command history
        command history
        command interpreter
        comparison of features
        default prompts
        default run shell
        default shell
        defining custom variables
        defining for root user
        editing command lines
        features
        filename completion
        filename completion
        login script
        login script
        login script
        mailing files from
        metacharacters
        metacharacters
        metacharacters
        program
        prompt
        restricting users
        sample C shell login script
        scripts
        setting environment variables
        using the source command
        special characters
        special characters
        subshells

show command in MH

showmatch environment variable

sort file contents

sorting file contents

sortm command in MH

source command
in C shell
to invoke shell options for MH

special characters

specifying
        default run shell
        files with pattern matching
        printer in print command

standard error
standard error

standard input
standard input
filtering

standard output
standard output

starting the ed editor

starting the vi text editor

status information (UUCP)

status subcommand (ftp)

status subcommand (telnet)

stop and restart a process

stopping (killing) a job or process

stopping a process with Ctrl/C

stopping commands

structure of directories

subcommands (ftp)
subcommands (ftp)
subcommands (ftp)

subdirectories
subdirectories

subject
        entering for a mail message
        entering for a mail message
        getting a prompt for in mail

subshells
subshells

subsituting
parameters

substitute (s) subcommand (ed editor)

substitution
global, in vi text editor

sunique subcommand (ftp)

superuser authority
tasks

suspend a process

switch to root user

symbolic links
and inode numbers

system administrator responsibilities

System V habitat
        accessing
        command summary
        location of

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T

tabstop environment variable

talk command
use of CRT screen by

tasks performed by root user

telephone number, specifying with cu command (UUCP)

telnet command
how to use

TERM environment variable

terminating a connection (local communications)
terminating a connection (local communications)

terminating a job or process

terminating a UUCP job with the uustat command

terminating remote cu connection (UUCP)

terminating remote tip connection (UUCP)

territory
part of locale

text editors
overview of

tilde as escape character in mail

tilde
in text files
notation in pathname

time command (C shell)

time format
punctuation in

times command
Bourne shell
Korn shell

tip command (UUCP)
        options, connecting to a remote computer
        options, connecting to a remote host
        using local commands
        using local commands

transfer (t) subcommand (ed editor)

transfer-status information (UUCP)

trap command
Bourne shell
Korn shell

tree structure (file system)

types of programs

typing errors, correcting
ed editor
vi text editor

TZ environment variable

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U

umask command
        Bourne shell
        C shell
        Korn shell

umask
permission combinations

unalias command
C shell
Korn shell

undo (u) command (vi text editor)

UNIX
case sensitive

UNIX-to-UNIX Copy Program (UUCP)

UNIX-to-UNIX Copy Program
See UUCP

unset command
        Bourne shell
        C shell
        Korn shell

unsetenv command (C shell)

unsetenv command

uppercase characters

user commands
summary

user environment
assign default values

user identity
confirming

user mask
activating in login script
default

users
displaying inactive
displaying who is logged in

using
        backslash to quote a single character
        braces to group commands
        commands
        delete key to correct mistakes
        filters
        parentheses to group commands
        pipelines
        pipes and filters to run multiple commands
        tilde in pathname
        wildcards in filenames

uulog command (UUCP)

uumonitor command (UUCP)

uustat command (UUCP)

uuto command (UUCP)
copying files, local host control, options

uux command (UUCP)
options, used to run remote commands

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V

variable name
displaying

variables
        clearing values of
        displaying values for
        in mailx
        mail
        referencing
        shell built-in

variables, shell built-in
variables, shell built-in

verbose subcommand (ftp)

vi editor
        $ cursor movement command
        ( cursor movement command
        ) cursor movement command
        0 cursor movement command
        b cursor movement command
        command mode
        Ctrl/B cursor movement command
        Ctrl/F cursor movement command
        h cursor movement command
        j cursor movement command
        k cursor movement command
        l cursor movement command
        used to edit mail messages
        moving within a file
        quit (q) command
        w cursor movement command
        { cursor movement command
        } cursor movement command

vi environment variables
        errorname
        ignorecase
        noignorecase
        nonumber
        noshowmatch
        number
        showmatch
        tabstop
        wrapmargin
        wrapscan

vi text editor
        / search command
        add (a) command
        append text (A) command
        change (c) command
        change word (cw) command
        clearing a line (D) command
        context searching
        copying text
        correcting typing errors
        customizing your environment
        delete character (x) command
        delete line (dd) command
        delete word (dw) command
        delete word (dw) command
        deleting a block of text
        environment variables
        ex line editor commands
        getting started
        insert (i) command
        insert text (I) command
        locating text
        map command
        moving text
        next (n) search command
        open line (o) command
        open previous line (O) command
        opening text files
        paste (p) command
        quit (q) command
        saving part of a file
        saving text files
        saving your customizations
        searching for text
        starting the editor
        substituting text
        undo (u) command
        using advanced techniques
        write (w) command

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W

w (write) permission

whatnow command in MH

who is logged on

whoami command
confirming identity

whom command in MH

wildards
removing multiple directories

wildcards
changing file permissions with
use in removing files

working directory

wrapmargin environment variable

wrapscan environment variable

write (w) command (vi text editor)

write (w) subcommand (ed editor)
write (w) subcommand (ed editor)

write command (local communications)

write permission
write permission

writing
        logout script
        mail messages
        shell scripts (example)
        shell scripts

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X

x (execute) permission

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[Special Characters] A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Z

z subcommand (telnet)